A recent study by Carnegie Mellon University -- Heinz College of Information Systems and Public Policy concluded that LEED Certification had no effect on federal buildings' energy efficiency.
The primary reason for the lack of energy efficiency results stems from the trade-offs required to reach LEED certification. A co-author of the study offered, "If energy efficiency in the primary goal, LEED certification may not be the most effective means to reach that goal."
LEED is a broadly accepted standard that measures building performance in general ways and is often required by many funders and foundations. However, as more and more requirements are put on aggressive load reduction for new buildings and the decarbonization of existing buildings, the Passive House standard is the most cost-effective and laser-focused standard to deliver zero carbon results.
Bonus tip: if you are looking for the indoor air quality equivalent to the Passive House standard for energy efficiency, check out RESET Air. RESET is also a cost effective and laser-focused standard to deliver world-class indoor air quality. In an ironic twist of fate, the same building science principles that deliver Passive House certification, deliver RESET Air certification.